Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2012 (vol. 57), issue 1
Strategies for haplotype-based association mapping in a complex pedigreed population
J. Boleckova, O. F. Christensen, P. Sørensen, G. Sahana
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2012, 57(1):1-9 | DOI: 10.17221/5478-CJAS 
In association mapping, haplotype-based methods are generally regarded to provide higher power and increased precision than methods based on single markers. For haplotype-based association mapping most studies use a fixed haplotype effect in the model. However, an increase in haplotype length raises the number of parameters in the model, resulting in low accuracy of the estimates especially for the low-frequency haplotypes. Modeling of haplotype effects can be improved if they are assumed to be random effects, as only one parameter, i.e. haplotype variance, needs to be estimated compared to estimating the effects of all different haplotypes in a fixed...
Influence of different morphological parts of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and its major secondary metabolite rutin on rumen fermentation in vitro
F. Leiber, C. Kunz, M. Kreuzer
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2012, 57(1):10-18 | DOI: 10.17221/5479-CJAS
It was hypothesized that buckwheat, especially its flowers, influences foregut fermentation in ruminant animals because it is rich in phenolic compounds. The entire fresh aerial buckwheat herb, or its parts (leaves, stems, flowers and grain), were incubated for 24 h together with pure ryegrass (1:1, dry matter basis) in an in vitro ruminal fermentation system (Hohenheim Gas Test). Additionally ryegrass, supplemented with 0, 0.5, 5, or 50 mg rutin trihydrate/g dry matter, was incubated. Contents of extractable phenols (g/kg dry matter) were the highest in buckwheat flowers (88), followed by leaves (63), and the lowest in ryegrass (8). The levels...
Simple, selective, and sensitive measurement of urea in body fluids of mammals by reversed-phase ultra-fast liquid chromatography
M. Czauderna, J. Kowalczyk
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2012, 57(1):19-27 | DOI: 10.17221/5480-CJAS
Ultra-fast liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector for simple and rapid determination of urea in body fluids of farm animals is described. Blood plasma, milk, and urine samples are treated with trichloroacetic acid and then centrifuged. Supernatants are derivatized at room temperature using p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. Samples are separated using a ternary gradient of methanol in buffer and water. Derivatized urea in standards and biological samples is analyzed using a Phenomenex C18-column (Synergi 2.5 µm, Hydro-RP, 100Å, 100 × 2 mm). The photodiode detector is set to 370 and/or 254 nm for detection....
Changes in the composition of goat colostrum and milk fatty acids during the first month of lactation
M. Marounek, L. Pavlata, L. Mišurová, Z. Volek, R. Dvořák
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2012, 57(1):28-33 | DOI: 10.17221/5481-CJAS
Changes in the composition of colostrum and milk fatty acids during the first month of lactation of ten 3-years-old White shorthaired goats fed a winter diet were investigated. Thirty-eight fatty acids (FAs) were identified in the milk fat. Saturated FAs accounted for 67.0% of the total determined FAs in colostrum and 62% at 30 days post partum. Monounsaturated FAs made up 28.2% of the total FAs in colostrum and increased with the progress of lactation at the expense of saturated FAs. The percentage of polyunsaturated FAs varied from 4.4 to 4.8%. The major FAs in colostrum and milk were palmitic and oleic acids, followed by stearic and myristic acids...
Growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of bulls and heifers slaughtered at different ages
D. Bureš, L. Bartoň
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2012, 57(1):34-43 | DOI: 10.17221/5482-CJAS
The effects of sex and slaughter age on growth, feed intake, carcass composition and meat quality attributes of musculus longissimus lumborum were investigated in Charolais × Simmental bulls (n = 12) and heifers (n = 12) reared and finished under identical management conditions. The animals entered the experiment at similar age (251 days) and were slaughtered at 14 or 18 months of age. Bulls gained more rapidly (P < 0.001), consumed more dry matter daily (P < 0.05), and had a higher killing-out proportion (P < 0.05). The sex × slaughter age interaction was significant (P <...