Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2004 (vol. 49), issue 5
Analysis of amino acid composition of sheep colostrum by near-infrared spectroscopy
S. Kráčmar, R. Jankovská, K. Šustová, J. Kuchtík, L. Zeman
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):177-182 | DOI: 10.17221/4297-CJAS 
This paper deals with changes in the basic composition of sheep colostrum within the first 72 hours after parturition on the one hand and with the possibility of determining the major components of sheep colostrum by near-infrared spectroscopy on the other. Levels of essential, nonessential and total amino acids in sheep colostrum were determined by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). ). For each component, sets of 90 samples were used to calibrate the instrument by means of a modified partial least-squares regression. The values of correlation coefficients (r) were as follows: 0.979 for Thr; 0.954 for Val; 0.968 for Leu; 0.918...
Comparison of two vitrification methods for cryopreservation of porcine embryos
J. Říha, J. Vejnar
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):183-189 | DOI: 10.17221/4298-CJAS
The aim of this study was to compare two vitrification methods of porcine perihatching blastocysts with regard to the success of transfer of these embryos to the recipients. Expanded, hatching, or hatched blastocysts were recovered post mortem from superovulated donors in 5.5 to 6.0 days after artificial insemination of donor gilts with homospermic doses. In protocol VS I, the embryos in perihatching developmental stage were equilibrated in a culture medium H-MEMD with 10% v/v of glycerol (1.37M solution of glycerol in medium) for 10 min and placed in a vitrification medium for 1.5 min max. (vitrification medium contained 50% v/v 2M sucrose in tridistilled...
Passage of nutrients into the duodenum and their postruminal digestion in cows fed crushed and ground maize
Z. Čerešňáková, M. Chrenková, A. Sommer
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):190-198 | DOI: 10.17221/4299-CJAS
In an in vivo experiment the 2 × 2 Latin square method and Cr as a marker were used to determine ruminal degradation and postruminal digestion of nutrients from a feed ration containing 3 kg of crushed or ground maize (CM vs. GM). The experiment included 4 cows with rumen fistulae and duodenal T-cannulae. Amino acid passage to the duodenum was also determined. The mean concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the rumen fluid was 11.6 ± 6.22 and 11.5 ± 6.41 mg/100 ml in the CM and GM ration, respectively. Crushing considerably decreased starch degradation in the rumen where starch passage reached 33.5% with CM and only 21.5% with...
The effects of a higher amount of iodine supplement on the efficiency of laying hens fed extruded rapeseed and on eggshell quality
M. Lichovniková, L. Zeman
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):199-203 | DOI: 10.17221/4300-CJAS
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of feeding 6.07 mg/kg of iodine in comparison with 3.57 mg/kg of iodine as a supplement in diets with different levels of extruded rapeseed (4.5, 9.0 and 13.5%) for a period of 52 weeks. The higher amount of iodine had the most marked effect on the egg mass production and on the feed : egg mass ratio when the hens were fed 9.0% extruded rapeseed in the diet. The egg mass production increased from 55.5 ± 1.06 g/d to 57.8 ± 1.12 g/d and the feed : egg mass ratio was improved from 2.15 kg/kg to 2.02 kg/kg. The eggshell weight ratio significantly (P < 0.05) increased in...
Possibilities of using dairy compounds exposed to different treatments in dairy cow feeding
B. Z Saricicek
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):205-210 | DOI: 10.17221/4301-CJAS
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of untreated dairy compound feeds; DCF (control) and DCFs subjected to 2% fat (F); 2.5% tannic acid (TA); 2% fat + 2.5% tannic acid (F + TA) on the milk yield and composition. In the study, 4 cows of Jersey breed were used and 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design was applied. Normal milk yield, 4% fat corrected milk yield (FCM), dry matter content of milk, non-fat solids content of milk, CP content of milk, fat content of milk, lactose content of milk, crude ash content of milk, daily DM consumption of cows, feed efficiency according to normal milk yield of cows, feed efficiency according to the...
An investigation on determining the nutritive value of oak nuts
B. Z Saricicek, U. Kilic
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):211-219 | DOI: 10.17221/4302-CJAS
This study was conducted to determine the nutritive values of shelled, unshelled oak nuts and their shells. For the estimation of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP), degradability characteristics, digestibilities, energy values and tannin contents of these feedstuffs the nylon bag technique, cellulose feed system and enzyme methods were used. In spite of the fact that in situ dry matter, organic matter and crude protein degradabilities of shelled and unshelled oak nuts were high, the degradabilities of shells were found lower. Degradability characteristics (a, b, a + b) and effective degradabilities were high...
Meat quality in two hybrid slaughter lines of pigs
J. Jandásek, R. Gál, I. Ingr, M. Sládek, F. Poul
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):220-225 | DOI: 10.17221/4303-CJAS
We evaluated two hybrid slaughter lines, progeny of hybrid parent gilts (LW × L) and D or LW - sire line terminal boars. Within two trials (with a six-month interval between them) the data on 40 animals were acquired; 20 hybrid pigs were sired by Duroc and 20 by LW terminal boars. Post-mortem changes were described by pH, conductivity, redox potential, remission and drip loss. Dry matter, intramuscular fat and myoglobin content were determined. Sensory tests evaluated aroma, flavour and texture. The results can be summarised as follows: post-mortem changes were adequate to normal quality meat. Remission values, drip loss and intramuscular...
Airborne noise, structure-borne sound (vibration) and vacuum stability of milking systems
D. Nosal, E. Bilgery
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(5):226-230 | DOI: 10.17221/4304-CJAS
Problems with milking and udder health can be attributed to the following causes: (1) sound intensity level (noise) > 65 dB in the milking area, (2) transmission of oscillation (vibration) > 0.3 m/s2 to the body of the cow in the milking parlour, (3) transmission of severe oscillation (vibration) into the vacuum system, (4) assembly and installation faults causing fluid flow problems and hence pressure fluctuations in the vacuum system. By combining technical alterations to a practical unit with the fitting of the Vibrations-schlucker®, it was possible to significantly improve vacuum stability. At the same time noise...