Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2004 (vol. 49), issue 11
Factors affecting goat milk yield and its composition
G. Ciappesoni, J. Přibyl, M. Milerski, V. Mareš
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(11):465-473 | DOI: 10.17221/4333-CJAS 
The aim of the paper was to prove the accuracy of various statistical models of variance analysis for estimation of systematic factors that influence milk yield and fat and protein content in dairy goats. Data on daily milk production recorded by methods AT, AC or A4 for the population of Czech White Shorthaired Goats over 1992-2002 was used for calculations. A total of 78 736 test day from 6 234 goats were analysed. Average daily milk production was 3.09 kg with 3.72% of fat and 2.84% of protein. Variability of examined traits was significantly influenced by effects of herd-year or herd-test day, litter size, parity, season of kidding, stage of lactation...
Breeding value evaluation in Polish fur animals: Estimates of direct heritability and portion of litter variation of fur coat and reproduction traits
H. Wierzbicki
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(11):474-482 | DOI: 10.17221/4334-CJAS
The study presents estimates of heritability for fur coat and reproduction traits in arctic and silver foxes kept on Polish farms. The estimates of variance components were calculated using the DFREML and single-trait animal models. Due to a discrete character of fur coat traits, they were analysed twice: (1) without normalisation of their scores distribution, (2) after the normal probability scale transformation of their scores. Linear models included random additive genetic and common litter environment effects, and fixed effects of farm × year × birth season in the silver fox or year × birth season in the arctic fox as well as the fixed effect of...
Iodine content in bulk feeds in western and southern bohemia
J. Trávníček, V. Kroupová, M. Šoch
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(11):483-488 | DOI: 10.17221/4335-CJAS
In 1997-2001 a total of 304 samples of bulk feeds were analysed. Iodine was determined spectrophotometrically by Sandell and Kolthoff's method (Bednář et al., 1964). The highest content of iodine was determined in grass silage (213.3 ± 169.3 µg/kg DM). The lowest concentration was measured in maize silage (110.0 ± 97.2) and hay (112.1 ± 93.9). Pasture herbage contained on average 148.9 ± 105.1. Feeds originating from foothill areas of western Bohemia (geological bedrock built of crystalline schists and igneous intrusions of earlier granite) contained a higher amount of iodine than feeds from foothill areas...
Technologically difficult, pathogenic and food risky bacterial contamination of raw milk and other materials from dairy cow herds
O. Hanuš, J. Frelich, M. Vyletělová, P. Roubal, Z. Vorlíček, R. Jedelská
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(11):489-499 | DOI: 10.17221/4336-CJAS
Processing of milk for higher value-added products and milk food chain safety require prevention of higher occurrence of microorganisms that can produce spores. It is important to carry out prevention already during raw milk production by farm hygienic measures. The above-mentioned microorganisms can jeopardize the quality and safety of milk foods. This is the reason why the knowledge of factors, interrelationships and possibilities of milk contamination is assumed. The occurrence of hygienically important groups of microorganisms in mixed rough fodder (F) in feeding trough, in excrements (E) and in bulk milk (M) was investigated on seven farms with...
Ability of NIR spectroscopy to predict meat chemical composition and quality - a review
M. Prevolnik, M. Čandek-Potokar, D. Škorjanc
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2004, 49(11):500-510 | DOI: 10.17221/4337-CJAS
In contrast to conventional methods for the determination of meat chemical composition and quality, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) enables rapid, simple and simultaneous assessment of numerous meat properties. The present article is a review of published studies that examined the ability of NIRS to predict different meat properties. According to the published results, NIRS shows a great potential to replace the expensive and time-consuming chemical analysis of meat composition. On the other hand, NIRS is less accurate for predicting different attributes of meat quality. In view of meat quality evaluation, the use of NIRS appears more promising when...