Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2014, 59(3):107-115 | DOI: 10.17221/7290-CJAS

The effect of non-phytate phosphorus and phytase levels on performance, egg and tibia quality, and pH of the digestive tract in hens fed higher-calcium-content dietOriginal Paper

M. Englmaierová, V. Skĝivanová, M. Skĝivan
Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhĝínìves, Czech Republic

The effect of three levels of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) (3.0, 2.1, and 1.7 g/kg) and two levels of 3-phytase (F) (0 and 150 phytase units (FTU)/kg) together with a high dietary calcium concentration (approximately 41.0 g/kg) on the performance characteristics, egg quality, pH of the digestive tract, and tibia bone quality of ISA Brown hens housed in enriched cages was evaluated. The diets with 3.0 g/kg of NPP with and without F and 2.1 g/kg of NPP with 150 FTU of F significantly increased egg production (P = 0.022) and daily egg mass production (P = 0.030). A low level of NPP decreased (P < 0.001) the body weight of hens at the end of the experiment. The highest values of albumen height (P < 0.001), albumen index (P = 0.004), Haugh units (P = 0.001), and albumen percentage (P = 0.004) were associated with the diet with the low level of dietary NPP without F addition. The low level of NPP with 3-phytase increased the calcium and phosphorus contents in eggshells (P = 0.002 and P = 0.050). The lowest values of dry matter (P < 0.001) and ash content in tibia bone (P = 0.040) were measured for the hens fed the diet with 3.0 g/kg of NPP and 3-phytase supplementation. In addition, the low level of phosphorus without F addition increased (P = 0.031) the pH value in the small intestine to 6.21. In conclusion, 2.1 g of NPP with 150 FTU was found to be sufficient in the diet of hens in the middle of the laying cycle housed in enriched cages. But with respect to egg quality, higher calcium content decreased positive effect of F addition in diets with different levels of phosphorus.

Keywords: mineral nutrition; laying hen; egg production; egg quality; tibia; pH

Published: March 31, 2014  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Englmaierová M, Skĝivanová V, Skĝivan M. The effect of non-phytate phosphorus and phytase levels on performance, egg and tibia quality, and pH of the digestive tract in hens fed higher-calcium-content diet. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 2014;59(3):107-115. doi: 10.17221/7290-CJAS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Ahmadi H., Rodehutscord M. (2012): A meta-analysis of responses to dietary nonphytate phosphorus and phytase in laying hens. Poultry Science, 91, 2072-2078. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Ahmed A.M.H., Rodriguez-Navarro A.B., Vidal M.L., Gautron J., Garcia-Ruiz J.M., Nys Y. (2005): Changes in eggshell mechanical properties, crystallographic texture and in matrix proteins induced by moult in hens. British Poultry Science, 46, 268-279. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Al-Massad M., Al-Shdefat R., Khashroum A. (2011): The effects of microbial phytase and dietary calcium level on the performance and eggshell quality in laying hens fed marginal phosphorus diets. Asian Journal of Animal Sciences, 5, 118-126. Go to original source...
    4. Al-Sharafat A., Al-Desiet B., Al-Kouri S. (2009): The effect of calcium level, microbial phytase and citric acid on performance parameters and eggshell quality of laying hens fed corn soybean meal diet. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 8, 1829-1837.
    5. AOAC (2005): Official Methods of Analysis. 18th Ed. AOAC International, Gaithersburg, USA.
    6. Berry W.D., Hess J.B., Lien R.J., Roland D.A. (2003): Egg production, fertility, and hatchability of breeder hens receiving dietary phytase. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12, 264-270. Go to original source...
    7. Boling S.D., Douglas M.W., Shirley R.B., Parsons C.M., Koelkebeck K.W. (2000): The effects of various dietary levels of phytase and available phosphorus on performance of laying hens. Poultry Science, 79, 535-538. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Cabuk M., Bozkurt M., Kirkpinar F., Ozkul H. (2004): Effect of phytase supplementation of diets with different levels of phosphorus on performance and egg quality of laying hens in hot climatic conditions. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34, 13-17. Go to original source...
    9. Carlos A.B., Edwards H.M. (1998): The effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and phytase on the natural phytate phosphorus utilization by laying hens. Poultry Science, 77, 850-858. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Castillo C., Cuca M., Pro A., Gonzalez M., Morales E. (2004): Biological and economic optimum level of calcium in white leghorn laying hens. Poultry Science, 83, 868-872. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Driver J.P., Pesti G.D., Bakalli R.I., Edwards H.M. (2005): Effects of calcium and nonphytate phosphorus concentrations on phytase efficacy in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 84, 1406-1417. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Duıková D., Marounek M., Bĝezina P. (2001): Determination of phytic acid in feeds and faeces of pigs and poultry by capillary isotachophoresis. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 81, 36-41. Go to original source...
    13. Eeckhout W., De Paepe M. (1994): Total phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and phytase activity in plant feedstuffs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 47, 19-29. Go to original source...
    14. Englmaierová M., Dlouhá G., Marounek M., Skĝivan M. (2012): Efficacy of contrast levels of non-phytate phosphorus and Aspergillus niger phytase in hens fed wheat-maizebased diets. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 57, 499-505. Go to original source...
    15. European Union Council Directive (1999): Council Directive 1999/74/EC of July 19th, 1999. Official Journal of the European Communities, L 203, 53-57.
    16. Francesch M., Broz J., Brufau J. (2005): Effects of an experimental phytase on performance, egg quality, tibia ash content and phosphorus bioavailability in laying hens fed on maizeor barley-based diets. British Poultry Science, 46, 340-348. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Garlich J.D., James R.L., Ward J.B. (1975): Effect of shortterm phosphorus deprivation on laying hens. Poultry Science, 54, 1193-1199. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Gordon R.W., Roland D.A. (1998): Influence of supplemental phytase on calcium and phosphorus utilization in laying hens. Poultry Science, 77, 290-294. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Haugh R.R. (1937): The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. US Egg and Poultry Magazine, 43, 552-555, 572-573.
    20. Hulan H.W., De Groote G., Fontaine G., De Munter G., McRae K.B., Proudfoot F.G. (1985): The effect of different totals and ratios of dietary calcium and phosphorus on the performance and incidence of leg abnormalities of male and female broiler-chickens. Poultry Science, 64, 1157-1169. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Keshavarz K. (2000): Nonphytate phosphorus requirement of laying hens with and without phytase on a phase feeding program. Poultry Science, 79, 748-763. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Keshavarz K. (2003): A comparison between cholecalciferol and 25-OH-cholecalciferol on performance and eggshell quality of hens fed different levels of calcium and phosphorus. Poultry Science, 82, 1415-1422. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Kozlowski K., Jeroch H. (2011): Efficacy of different levels of Escherichia coli phytase in hens fed maize-soyabean meal based diets with a decreased non-phytase phosphorus content. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 20, 224-235. Go to original source...
    24. Lassen S.F., Breinholt J., Ostergaard P.R., Brugger R., Bischoff A., Wyss M., Fuglsang C.C. (2001): Expression, gene cloning, and characterization of five novel phytases from four basidiomycete fungi: Peniophora lycii, Agrocybe pediades, a Ceriporia sp., and Trametes pubescens. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67, 4701-4707. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Liebert F., Htoo J.K., Sunder A. (2005): Performance and nutrient utilization of laying hens fed low-phosphorus corn-soybean and wheat-soybean diets supplemented with microbial phytase. Poultry Science, 84, 1576-1583. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Lim H.S., Namkung H., Um J.S., Kang K.R., Kim B.S., Paik I.K. (2001): The effects of phytase supplementation on the performance of broiler chickens fed diets with different levels of non-phytate phosphorus. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 14, 250-257. Go to original source...
    27. Mikaelian K.S., Sell J.L. (1981): Performance of laying hens fed various phosphorus levels continuously or phase fed decremental phosphorus levels. Poultry Science, 60, 1916-1924. Go to original source...
    28. National Research Council (1994): Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Ed. National Academies Press, Washington, USA.
    29. Nelson T.S. (1976): The hydrolysis of phytate phosphorus by chicks and laying hens. Poultry Science, 55, 2262-2264. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    30. Rao S.V.R., Raju M.V.L.N., Reddy M.R., Pavani P., Sunder G.S., Sharma R.P. (2003): Dietary calcium and non-phytin phosphorus interaction on growth, bone mineralization and mineral retention in broiler starter chicks. AsianAustralasian Journal of Animal Science, 16, 719-725. Go to original source...
    31. Rao S.V.R., Raju M.V.L.N., Reddy M.R., Pavani P. (2006): Interaction between dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels on growth, bone mineralization and mineral excretion in commercial broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 131, 133-148. Go to original source...
    32. Selle P.H., Cowieson A.J., Ravindran V. (2009): Consequences of calcium interactions with phytate and phytase for poultry and pigs. Livestock Science, 124, 126-141. Go to original source...
    33. Shafey T.M., McDonald M.W., Dingle J.G. (1991): Effects of dietary calcium and available phosphorus concentration on digesta pH and on the availability of calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc from the intestinal contents of meat chickens. British Poultry Science, 32, 185-194. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    34. Shafey T.M. (1993): Calcium tolerance of growing chickens: effect of ratio of dietary calcium to nonphytate phosphorus. Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 49, 5-18. Go to original source...
    35. Sheikhlar A., Kasim A.B., Chwen L.T., Bejo M.H. (2009): Effect of varying ratios of dietary calcium and phosphorus on performance, phytate P and mineral retention in Japanese quail (Coturnix cotnurnix Japonica). International Journal of Poultry Science, 8, 692-695. Go to original source...
    36. Skĝivan M., Englmaierová M., Skĝivanová V. (2010): Effect of different phosphorus levels on the performance and egg quality of laying hens fed wheat- and maize-based diets. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 55, 420-427. Go to original source...
    37. Sohail S.S., Roland D.A. (2000): Influence of phytase on calcium utilization in commercial layers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 9, 81-87. Go to original source...
    38. Swiatkiewicz S., Arczewska-Wlosek A. (2012): Bone quality characteristics and performance in broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with organic acids. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 57, 193-205. Go to original source...
    39. Tamim N.M., Angel R., Christman M. (2004): Influence of dietary calcium and phytase on phytate phosphorus hydrolysis in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 83, 1358-1367. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    40. Tùmová E., Gous R.M. (2012): Interaction between oviposition time, age, and environmental temperature and egg quality traits in laying hens and broiler breeders. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 57, 541-549. Go to original source...
    41. Um J.S., Paik I.K. (1999): Effects of microbial phytase supplementation on egg production, eggshell quality, and mineral retention of laying hens fed different levels of phosphorus. Poultry Science, 78, 75-79. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    42. Wilkinson S.J., Selle P.H., Bedford M.R., Cowieson A.J. (2011): Exploiting calcium-specific appetite in poultry nutrition. Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 67, 587-598. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content