Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2007, 52(8):249-253 | DOI: 10.17221/2280-CJAS

Qualitative structure of airborne bacteria and fungi in dairy barn and nearby environment

K. Matković1, M. Vučemilo1, B. Vinković2, B. ©eol1, ®. Pavičić1, S. Matković3
1 Department of Animal Hygiene, Environment and Ethology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
2 Department of Zoohygiene and Livestock Technology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
3 DVM - Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Zagreb, Croatia

The study was conducted in a dairy barn and nearby environment to determine the level of air bacterial and fungi contamination. Measurements were performed in morning, noon and evening sampling periods once a week during two autumn months inside the barn and in a 25 m distant barn environment. A Merck MAS-100 air sampler was employed with different medium and incubation combinations for the capture and identification of bacteria and fungi. The results of the study showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the bacterial and fungi counts measured inside and outside the barn, whereby total outside bacterial count was by 97.4% to 98.0% lower, and total outside fungi count by 85.2% to 99.4% lower than the respective indoor counts in various sampling periods. In 125 analyzed colonies, gram-positive bacteria, especially those of the genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, were most commonly identified in the air samples from both inside and outside the barn. Gram-negative bacteria were present at a low rate, predominated by enterobacteria and by the genus Moraxella and Pseudomonas. Nine mould genera were identified in 325 fungi colonies, predominated by the genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus and yeasts, both in the barn and in the nearby environment.

Keywords: airborne bacteria; airborne fungi; dairy barn

Published: August 31, 2007  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Matković K, Vučemilo M, Vinković B, ©eol B, Pavičić ®, Matković S. Qualitative structure of airborne bacteria and fungi in dairy barn and nearby environment. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 2007;52(8):249-253. doi: 10.17221/2280-CJAS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Anonymous (1994): Statistica. Quick Reference. StatSoft, Inc., Tulsa, USA.
    2. Anonymous (1998): MERCK MAS - 100 System. Microbiological Air Sampler, Operator 's Manual. MERCK KgaA., Darmstadt, Germany.
    3. Cox C.S. (1989): Airborne Bacteria and Viruses. Sci. Prog., 73, 469-500. Go to PubMed...
    4. Cox C.S. (1995): Stability of airborne microbes and allergens. In: Cox C.S., Wathes C.M. (eds.): Bioaerosol Handbook. Lewis Publisher, New York, 77-98. Go to original source...
    5. Hartung J. (1992): Emissions of airborne substances from stalls of domestic animals. Pneumologie, 46, 196- 202. Go to PubMed...
    6. Lange J.L., Thorne P.S., Kullman G.J. (1997): Determinants of culturable bioaerosol concentrations in dairy barns. Ann. Agric. Env. Med., 4, 187-194.
    7. Müller W., Weiser P. (1987): Dust and microbial emissions from animal production; the dispersion of windborne microbes and dust particles. In: Strauch D. (ed.): Animal Production and Environmental Health. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 74-81.
    8. Pavičić ®., Vučemilo M., Tofant A., Cergolj M., Balenović T., Matković K. (2003): Meaning of the applied disinfection in reduction of milk pollution with microorganisms and preventing of milk gland inflammation. In: Proc. Scientific-Professional Meeting with International Participation. Veterinary Days 9-12 October, ©ibenik, Croatia, 132-142. (in Croatian)
    9. Quinn P.J., Carter M.E., Markey B.K., Carter G.R. (1994): General procedures in microbiology. In: Quinn P.J., Carter M.E., Markey B.K., Carter G.R. (eds.): Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. Wolfe Publishing, London, 648 pp.
    10. Shaffer B.T., Lighthart B. (1994): Survey of airborne bacteria at four diverse locations in Oregon: urban, rural, forest and coastal. In: Proc. Biotechnology Risk Assessment Symposium. 22-24 June, College Park, Maryland, USA, 10-15.
    11. Wathes C.M. (1994): Air and surface hygiene. In: Wathes C.M., Charles D.R. (eds.): Livestock Housing. CAB Int., Wallingford, 123-148. Go to original source...
    12. Wathes C.M. (1995): Bioaerosols in animal houses. In: Cox C.S., Wathes C.M. (eds.): Bioaerosol Handbook. Lewis Publisher, New York, 547-577. Go to original source...
    13. Wathes C.M., Phillips V.R., Holden M.R., Sneath R.W., Short J.L., White R.P., Hartung J., Seedorf J., Schröder M., Linkert K.H., Pedersen S., Takai H., Johnsen J.O., Groot Koerkamp P.W.G., Uenk G.H., Metz J.H.M., Hinz T., Caspary V., Linke S. (1998): Emissions of aerial pollutants in livestock buildings in Northern Europe; overview of a multinational project. J. Agr. Eng. Res., 70, 3-9. Go to original source...
    14. Wilson S.C., Morow-Tesch J., Straus D.C., Cooley J.D., Wong W.C., Mitlöhner F.M., McGlone J.J. (2002): Airborne microbial flora in a cattle feedlot. Appl. Environ. Microb., 68, 3238-3242. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Zucker B.A., Müller W. (2000): Species composition and sources of airborne gram-negative bacteria in animal houses. In: Proc. Xth International Congress on Animal Hygiene, 2-6 July. Maastricht, The Netherlands, 393- 397.
    16. Zucker B.A., Trojan S., Müller W. (2000a): Airborne gram-negative bacterial flora in animal houses. J. Vet. Med. B, 47, 37-46. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Zucker B.A., Draz A.M., Müller W. (2000b): Comparison of filtration and impingement for sampling airborne endotoxin. J. Aerosol. Sci., 31, 751-755. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content