Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2006 (vol. 51), issue 10
Cloning and sequencing of the complicated rDNA gene family of Bos taurus
D. Tang, H. Jiang, Y. Zhang, Y. LI, X. Zhang, T. Zhou
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2006, 51(10):425-428 | DOI: 10.17221/3960-CJAS 
The rDNA genes coding for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in animals are repeat sequences with high GC content and complicated structure. Based on the sequences of human ribosomal DNA repeat unit and transcription unit and the long and accurate PCR method with LA Taq DNA polymerase and GC buffer, we were able to amplify the complicated repeat sequences of rDNA genes in Bos taurus. Three rDNA genes and 2 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) fragments were cloned and confirmed by sequencing. The conditions for the cloning of complicated DNA sequences such as special rules of primer design, improvement of the reaction system, selection of...
Study of genetic distances between cattle breeds of Central Europe
J. Čítek, L. Panicke, V. Řehout, H. Procházková
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2006, 51(10):429-436 | DOI: 10.17221/3961-CJAS
Genetic distances were studied among Czech Red cattle, German Red, Czech Pied, Polish Red, Czech Black and White, and German Black and White cattle. DA genetic distances were calculated, and trees were constructed using the neighbour-joining method. Evaluating the genetic distances by microsatellites, the lowest value was between Czech and German Black and White breeds. A surprisingly high value was found between Czech and German Red breeds, and the highest values between German Red breed and both German and Czech Black and White populations came up to expectations. In the phylogenetic tree made using microsatellites, the German and Polish Red breeds...
Effect of microbial phytase on apparent digestibility and retention of phosphorus and nitrogen in growing pigs
P. Patráš, S. Nitrayová, A. Sommer, J. Heger
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2006, 51(10):437-443 | DOI: 10.17221/3962-CJAS
Six female pigs of approximately 50 kg BW, fitted with simple T-cannula in the terminal ileum, were used to study the effect of microbial phytase on apparent total tract digestibility and retention of P and N. Three P-adequate diets (digestible P concentration 2.3 g/kg) containing barley (B), soybean meal (S) or their mixture (BS) with or without phytase supplement (1 000 FTU/kg) were fed to pigs using a 6 × 6 Latin square design. The addition of phytase increased (P < 0.05) apparent total P digestibility of diets S and BS from 56.5 and 57.2% to 69.0 and 65.2%, respectively, and apparent plant P digestibility of the same diets from 41.3...
Effects of glutamine on growth performance of weanling piglets
X.T. Zou, G.H. Zheng, X.J. Fang, J.F. Jiang
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2006, 51(10):444-448 | DOI: 10.17221/3963-CJAS
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of glutamine on growth performance of weanling piglets. Sixty piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly assigned to two groups (10 piglets per pen, 3 pens per group). The control group received a maize-soybean meal-based diet. The treatment group received a maize-soybean meal-based diet supplemented with 1.0% free l-glutamine. Piglets were fed the diets for 20 days. Results showed that piglets fed the glutamine diet had lower diarrhoea ratio and shorter diarrhoea duration than those fed the control diet during 20 days after weaning. During the first ten days after weaning, pigs supplemented...
The effect of selenium source on the performance and meat quality of broiler chickens
S. Ševčíková, M. Skřivan, G. Dlouhá, M. Koucký
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2006, 51(10):449-457 | DOI: 10.17221/3964-CJAS
The effect of dietary supplementation of selenium in an organic form on performance, carcass traits and selenium content in tissues of broiler cockerels Ross 308 was studied. The soya-wheat-maize diet contained 50 mg vitamin E/kg. The experiment was conducted on 810 straight-run broiler cockerels randomly divided into 3 groups: group I - control, without selenium supplement; experimental group: II - 0.3 mg Se/kg, Se-enriched yeast was applied as a Se source; III - 0.3 mg Se/kg, Se-enriched alga Chlorella as a Se source. The broiler chickens were slaughtered at 42 days of age. In performance traits higher (P ≤ 0.05) live weight of broiler...
Emission of materials of biological origin in laying hens houses with different technologies of rearing
G. Vaičionis, V. Ribikauskas, A. Benediktavičiute-Kiškiene, I. Skurdeniene
Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2006, 51(10):458-465 | DOI: 10.17221/3965-CJAS
The aim was to determine the conversion of alimentary substances of laying hens (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) into the production of eggs and to determine the emission of nitrogen, air pollution by dust and microorganisms in accordance with different technologies of layer rearing. The studies were conducted in 6 poultry houses. The birds were kept in premises in cage batteries BKN-3, "Spech", OBN-1, OBN-3 or on littered floor. It was found out that there was 1.6 times more dust in the air of poultry house where laying hens were kept on litter and the total number of bacteria was 2.4 times higher than in the bird cages (P < 0.001). The...