Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2021, 66(6):189-199 | DOI: 10.17221/167/2020-CJAS

Iodine concentration in milk and human nutrition: A reviewReview

Šimon Mikláš ORCID...1, Vladimír Tančin*,1,2, Róbert Toman1, Jan Trávníček3
1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
2 Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Lužianky, Slovak Republic
3 Department of Animal Husbandry Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

The aim of the review was to provide information about the importance of iodine in human nutrition and to review milk as an important source of iodine, and also to summarize the main factors affecting iodine concentration in milk. Iodine is an essential element for the thyroid gland function and synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate key processes of metabolism, brain development and growth. Therefore, it is important to ensure adequate, neither deficient nor excessive, intake of this element in animal nutrition, but more importantly in the nutrition of humans. Milk and dairy products are very valuable sources of iodine. However, its concentration in milk is very variable, as it is affected by many different factors - iodine intake in feed, antinutritional factors, iodine species (forms) used for feeding, animal keeping, farm management and possibly also milk yield. Additionally, milk iodine concentration is also affected by teat dipping with iodine disinfection, and by milk processing (e.g. skimming and heat treatment). All these aforementioned factors may possibly play their role in improving human nutrition, especially the nutrition of pregnant, lactating women, and people on a low-salt diet who are the most vulnerable to insufficient iodine intake.

Keywords: iodine content; dairy animals; dairy products; feeds; factors; supplementation

Published: May 30, 2021  Show citation

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Mikláš Š, Tančin V, Toman R, Trávníček J. Iodine concentration in milk and human nutrition: A review. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 2021;66(6):189-199. doi: 10.17221/167/2020-CJAS.
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