Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2015, 60(11):473-478 | DOI: 10.17221/8555-CJAS

Concentrations of neopterin, biopterin, and cortisol associated with surgical castration of piglets with lidocaineOriginal Paper

P. Mar¹įlek1, M. Svoboda2, J. Bernardy3, V. Večerek1
1 Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
2 Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
3 Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic

The effect of surgical castration with local anesthesia using lidocaine on neopterin, biopterin, and cortisol blood plasma concentrations in piglets was studied. Three groups of 12 piglets were investigated: one group castrated without lidocaine, one group castrated with lidocaine, and one group left as an uncastrated control group handled in the same way as castrated piglets. Blood samples were collected 4 min before castration, and 1 h and 24 h after castration. The time × treatment interaction (P < 0.01) was detected for neopterin concentrations, yielding the result that neopterin was higher (P < 0.01) in castrated piglets without lidocaine 1 h after surgical castration compared with all other groups. The time effect (P < 0.05) was detected for biopterin concentrations. The time × treatment interaction (P < 0.01) was detected for plasma cortisol concentrations, yielding the result that neopterin was higher (P < 0.01) in castrated piglets without lidocaine and in castrated piglets with lidocaine 1 h after surgical castration compared with pre-treatment and concentrations 24 h after surgical castration. The study showed that the use of lidocaine for the surgical castration of piglets may significantly influence the activation of the immune system. This is corroborated by a significant difference in blood plasma neopterin concentrations between piglets castrated with anesthesia and those castrated without it. The use of lidocaine had no effect on cortisol concentrations in comparison with the group castrated without lidocaine.

Keywords: immune system; local anesthesia; blood; plasma

Published: November 30, 2015  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Mar¹įlek P, Svoboda M, Bernardy J, Večerek V. Concentrations of neopterin, biopterin, and cortisol associated with surgical castration of piglets with lidocaine. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 2015;60(11):473-478. doi: 10.17221/8555-CJAS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Atmaca M., Kuloglu M., Tezcan E., Onal S., Ustundag B. (2002): Neopterin levels and dexamethasone suppression test in posttraumatic stress disorder. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 252, 161-165. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    2. Blahova J., Dobsikova R., Svobodova Z., Kalab P. (2007): Simultaneous determination of plasma cortisol by high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay methods in fish. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 76, 59-64. Go to original source...
    3. Breinekova K., Smutna M., Svoboda M., Vorlova L. (2006): Pterins - possible markers of stress situations in pigs. Toxicology Letters, 164, 160-161. Go to original source...
    4. Breinekova K., Svoboda M., Smutna M., Vorlova L. (2007): Markers of acute stress in pigs. Physiological Research, 56, 323-329. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Brown G.M. (1971): The biosynthesis of pteridines. Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology, 35, 35-77. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    6. Carroll J.A., Berg E.L., Strauch T.A., Roberts M.P., Kattesh H.G. (2006): Hormonal profiles, behavioral responses, and short-term growth performance after castration of pigs at three, six, nine, or twelve days of age. Journal of Animal Science, 84, 1271-1278. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Carru C., Zinellu A., Sotgia S., Serra R., Usai M.F., Pintus G.F., Pes G.M., Deiana L. (2004): A new HPLC method for serum neopterin measurement and relationships with plasma thiols levels in healthy subjects. Biomedical Chromatography, 18, 360-366. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Fujioka H., Shintaku H., Nakanishi H., Kim T.J., Kusuda S., Yamano T. (2008): Biopterin in the acute phase of hypoxia-ischemia in a neonatal pig model. Brain and Development, 30, 1-6. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Hoffmann G., Wirleitner B., Fuchs D. (2003): Potential role of immune system activation-associated production of neopterin derivatives in humans. Inflammation Research, 52, 313-321. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Jacobson M., Lindberg J.E., Lindberg R., Segerstad C.H., Wallgren P., Fellstrom C., Hulten C., Jensen-Waern M. (2001): Intestinal cannulation: model for study of the midgut of the pig. Comparative Medicine, 51, 163-170.
    11. Kluivers-Poodt M., Houx B.B., Robben S.R.M., Koop G., Lambooij E., Hellebrekers L.J. (2012): Effects of a local anaesthetic and NSAID in castration of piglets, on the acute pain responses, growth and mortality. Animal, 6, 1469-1475. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Marsalek P., Svoboda M., Smutna M., Blahova J., Vecerek V. (2011): Neopterin and biopterin as biomarkers of immune system activation associated with castration in piglets. Journal of Animal Science, 89, 1758-1762. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Moya S.L., Boyle L.A., Lynch P.B., Arkins S. (2008): Effect of surgical castration on the behavioural and acute phase responses of 5-day-old piglets. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 111, 133-145. Go to original source...
    14. Petersen H.H., Nielsen J.P., Heegaard P.M.H. (2004): Application of acute phase protein measurements in veterinary clinical chemistry. Veterinary Research, 35, 163-187. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Prunier A., Mounier A.M., Hay M. (2005): Effects of castration, tooth resection, or tail docking on plasma metabolites and stress hormones in young pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 83, 216-222. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Ranheim B., Haga H.A., Ingebrigtsen K. (2005): Distribution of radioactive lidocaine injected into the testes in piglets. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 28, 481-483. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Salak-Johnson J.L., McGlone J.J. (2007): Making sense of apparently conflicting data: stress and immunity in swine and cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 85, E81-E88. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Satas S., Johannessen S.I., Hoem N.O., Haaland K., Sorensen D.R., Thoresen M. (1997): Lidocaine pharmacokinetics and toxicity in newborn pigs. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 85, 306-312. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Singi G., Garcia K.C., Coelho A.E., Gazola R. (2001): Norepinephrine prevents the adverse effects of lidocaine upon the heart. An experimental study in isolated guinea-pig hearts. Pharmacological Research, 44, 129-134. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. Sjaastad O., Hove K., Sand O. (2003): The nervous system. Regulation of body temperature. In: Steel C. (ed.): Physiology of Domestic Animals. Scandinavian Veterinary Press, Oslo, Norway, 95-146.
    21. Smutna M., Svoboda M., Breinekova K. (2010): Pterins as sensors of response to the application of Fe3+-dextran in piglets. Sensors, 10, 890-900. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Werner-Felmayer G., Golderer G., Werner E.R. (2002): Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, utilization and pharmacological effects. Current Drug Metabolism, 3, 159-173. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. White R.G., Deshazer J.A., Tressler C.J., Borcher G.M., Davey S., Waninge A., Parkhurst A.M., Milanuk M.J., Clemens E.T. (1995): Vocalization and physiological response of pigs during castration with or without a local anesthetic. Journal of Animal Science, 73, 381-386. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content