Czech J. Anim. Sci., 2025, 70(6):223-233 | DOI: 10.17221/130/2024-CJAS

The potential of tannin from Sonneratia alba fruit in defaunation of rumen protozoa and reducing methane gas production: An approach to increase livestock digestive efficiencyOriginal Paper

Roni Pazla ORCID...1, Antonius Antonius ORCID...2, Zaitul Ikhlas ORCID...1, Anuraga Jayanegara ORCID...3, Laily Rinda Ardani ORCID...1, Maureen Chrisye Hadiatry ORCID...2, Jumjunidang Jumjunidang ORCID...4, Tri Budiyanti ORCID...4, Firsoni Firsoni2, Ardinal Ardinal ORCID...5, Kasma Iswari ORCID...5, Dewi Febrina ORCID...6, Eli Ratni ORCID...7
1 Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia
3 Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
4 Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia
5 Research Center for Agroindustry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia
6 Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Sultan Syarif Kasim State Islamic University, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
7 Department of Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia

This research explores the addition of mangrove (Sonneratia alba) fruit to reduce the production of methane and the total population of protozoa. The dosage for adding mangrove fruit is 0% (without addition), 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% in sugarcane tops-based feed. Results include ruminal product fermentation, gas and methane emissions, total protozoa, microbial protein production, microbial biomass, and nutrient digestibility. The research findings showed that an additional 1.5% to 4.5% dose can reduce methane gas emissions and the total number of protozoa. The total number of protozoa at 4.5% (T3) reached 9.89 × 104 cells/ml and methane gas was 56.1 ml/g DM (dry matter); 8.41 ml/g OM (organic matter). This effect is attributed to the tannin content in mangrove fruit, which exhibits antimicrobial properties. However, increasing doses also reduced nutrient digestibility. The findings suggest that incorporating 1.5–4.5% mangrove (Sonnetaria alba) fruit as a source of tannins causes a positive impact which reduces protozoa populations and methane production without changing the ruminal fermentation product. However, the addition of mangrove fruit in this study caused also reduced nutrient digestibility.

Keywords: anti-nutrition; digestibility; greenhouse gas; ruminal fermentation; sugarcane tops

Received: August 9, 2024; Accepted: May 20, 2025; Prepublished online: June 27, 2025; Published: June 30, 2025  Show citation

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Pazla R, Antonius A, Ikhlas Z, Jayanegara A, Ardani LR, Hadiatry MC, et al.. The potential of tannin from Sonneratia alba fruit in defaunation of rumen protozoa and reducing methane gas production: An approach to increase livestock digestive efficiency. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 2025;70(6):223-233. doi: 10.17221/130/2024-CJAS.
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